2. Action plan
Possible next steps to discuss — not actions the school has agreed to take.
1. Discuss whether a full evaluation is needed
Discuss first · Requests professional evaluation · General · Based on reported observations
Ask the school, in writing, whether a full and individual evaluation is warranted for the areas of concern you described. Name the skill areas and give examples. In Illinois, a parent can ask the school to evaluate at any time, whatever stage the child is at in MTSS, and putting the request in writing is recommended. Within 14 school days of a request, the district decides whether an evaluation is warranted; a decision not to evaluate must be explained to you in writing. If the district evaluates, eligibility is decided and the IEP is completed within 60 school days of your written consent (or before the next school year starts, if fewer than 60 school days are left in the year). Support or intervention can continue while this is discussed.
Why: You reported a current concern in at least one skill area and no current IEP. Support and an evaluation discussion can proceed together. Good grades, strengths, multilingual status, or a missing diagnosis do not rule out an evaluation discussion.
Based on:
- I01 Reading impact: A lot (Reported by adult)
- I02 Math impact: A little (Reported by adult)
- I03 Writing impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- I04 Spoken language impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Special education coordinator, school psychologist, or case manager
- Evidence to collect
- A copy of your written request and the date you sent it; The school's written response; Examples of the difficulty, such as work samples or teacher comments
- Review
- Check that you received the school's written decision and know the next step.
- Limits
- Asking for an evaluation does not mean the student has a disability. A qualified team decides what the full record means.
- Sources
- S26 (Same answer, second sentence); S21 (Chapter 3, "When the Data Lead to a Suspicion of a Disability...", p.25); S07 (Chapter 3, "Referral", p.21) (Chapter 2, "The Role of Parents in an MTSS Process", p.19) (Chapter 3, "Referral", p.21 (Appendix B p.151 repeats this wording; S06 p.53 has similar wording using "not warranted")); S27 (Section 226.110(c)(3)) (Section 226.110(d)) (Section 226.110(d), second sentence); S29 (Section 226.130(b)); S08 (Body paragraph 6, sentence 2); S18 (PDF (linked from https://sites.ed.gov/idea/idea-files/osep-dear-colleague-letter-on-ideaiep-terms/): Page 2, first paragraph (continues from page 1))
- Rules
- EVAL01 v1
2. Gather the learning history
Discuss first · Gathers evidence · General · Needs clarification
Write down earlier signs of difficulty, what may have hidden them (such as strong memory or extra adult help), and what changed as work got harder. Later recognition does not lower the priority of these needs. Early screening windows are not an upper age limit for recognizing reading needs.
Why: Needs were recognized in grade 7 or later, or a secondary student has unresolved concerns without identification. Instructional history, workload changes, earlier support, and the student's own view are added. This does not lower the priority because early screening windows have passed.
Based on:
- P02 Current grade: Grade 8 (Reported by adult)
- H01 Identified before: Yes (Reported by adult)
- H04 Grade at identification: Grade 7 (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Parent, with input from past teachers if possible
- Evidence to collect
- Earlier report cards or teacher comments; Notes on earlier help at home or from tutors
- Review
- Share the history at the meeting and ask that it be considered alongside current information.
- Sources
- S25 (p. 43 (printed page footer; equals PDF page index), 'Support for Adolescent Students' (first paragraph)); S21 (Chapter 2, Part D, "Best Practices in Progress Monitoring", p.22) (Chapter 2, Part D, p.22); S06 (Chapter 5, "Screening for Older Students", p.65)
- Rules
- LATE01 v1
3. Include the student's view
Discuss first · Student participation · General · Based on reported observations
Ask the student what feels hardest, what helps, what teachers should understand, and what goal matters to them. Bring these words to the meeting. If accounts differ, keep both for discussion.
Why: Needs were recognized in grade 7 or later, or a secondary student has unresolved concerns without identification. Instructional history, workload changes, earlier support, and the student's own view are added. This does not lower the priority because early screening windows have passed. The student's own view of what is hard, what helps, and what goal matters belongs in the plan. If accounts differ, both are kept for discussion. The student's own answers have not been recorded yet.
Based on:
- P02 Current grade: Grade 8 (Reported by adult)
- H01 Identified before: Yes (Reported by adult)
- H04 Grade at identification: Grade 7 (Reported by adult)
- I01 Reading impact: A lot (Reported by adult)
- I02 Math impact: A little (Reported by adult)
- I03 Writing impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- I04 Spoken language impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Parent and case manager
- Evidence to collect
- The student's answers in their own words
- Review
- Check that the student's view is part of the meeting record.
- Sources
- None yet: product design choice, pending specialist review.
- Rules
- LATE01 v1, VOICE01 v1, VOICE02 v1
4. Discuss assessment of word reading and fluency
Discuss first · Requests professional evaluation · Reading · Based on reported observations
Ask the team to look at accurate word reading, reading of longer words, and reading fluency. You reported difficulties that identify skills worth examining; the questionnaire cannot determine their cause.
Why: You reported difficulty reading unfamiliar or longer words. These observations identify skills worth examining; the questionnaire cannot determine their cause. Better listening comprehension can add to the picture, but it is not required and is not used as an ability-discrepancy test. You reported slow or effortful reading. Fluency, meaning accurate reading at a comfortable speed, is worth examining together with word reading.
Based on:
- R01 Unfamiliar words: Often (Reported by adult)
- R03 Which reading tasks: Reading words accurately; Reading speed (Reported by adult)
From the description (confirmed by the adult):
- “reads unfamiliar words slowly” — Difficulty reading unfamiliar words accurately (AI interpretation, confirmed by adult)
- Suggested role
- Reading specialist, school psychologist, or special education teacher
- Evidence to collect
- Recent reading screening or progress-monitoring results; Notes from the student reading aloud; Spelling samples
- Review
- Check that results are explained skill by skill (word reading, fluency, comprehension) rather than as one overall number.
- Limits
- A reading difficulty alone does not establish dyslexia or any other condition.
- Sources
- S25 (p. 26 (printed page footer; equals PDF page index), 'Purpose and Use of Intervention-based Assessments (Tier 2 Dyslexia Screening)'); S21 (Chapter 2, Part C, p.18); S07 (Chapter 5, "Overview", p.35); S28 (Section 226.125(a))
- Rules
- READ01 v1, READ04 v1
5. Discuss explicit instruction in word reading
Discuss first · Develops a skill · Reading · Based on reported observations
Ask whether the student receives explicit, systematic instruction in decoding, including longer words, matched to the skills the assessment shows. Ask how often it happens, who teaches it, and how progress is checked.
Why: You reported difficulty reading unfamiliar or longer words. These observations identify skills worth examining; the questionnaire cannot determine their cause. Better listening comprehension can add to the picture, but it is not required and is not used as an ability-discrepancy test.
Based on:
- R01 Unfamiliar words: Often (Reported by adult)
- R03 Which reading tasks: Reading words accurately; Reading speed (Reported by adult)
From the description (confirmed by the adult):
- “reads unfamiliar words slowly” — Difficulty reading unfamiliar words accurately (AI interpretation, confirmed by adult)
- Suggested role
- Reading specialist or interventionist
- Evidence to collect
- Name and focus of current reading instruction; Planned and actually delivered schedule; Progress-monitoring results
- Review
- Review progress on comparable measures at a date the team sets, and adjust if progress is not adequate.
- Sources
- S25 (p. 29 (printed page footer; equals PDF page index), 'Interpreting Assessment Results'); S03 (Subsection (7)(c)); S21 (Chapter 4, "Providers of Dyslexia Instruction", p.42 (components defined pp.39-40)) (Chapter 4, "Providers of Dyslexia Instruction", p.42 (delivery principles defined pp.40-41)); S06 (Chapter 6, "Components of Effective Literacy Instruction", p.84); S09 (Recommendations tab, rec 1; level = evidence icon alt text 'Strong Evidence' (matches Summary PDF p.1))
- Rules
- READ01 v1
6. Bring the evaluation report
Also discuss · Gathers evidence · General · Needs clarification
You reported an earlier identification. Bring the written report if you have it, and be ready to say who made it, what was evaluated, and what was recommended. In this plan the label stays as you reported it; the school team considers the full record.
Why: You reported an earlier identification or diagnosis. It stays recorded as reported by you. The written report, who made it, and what was evaluated help the team. An earlier identification was reported, but a copy of the report is not at hand. Asking for a copy is a data request.
Based on:
- H01 Identified before: Yes (Reported by adult)
- H06 Report copy: No (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Parent
- Evidence to collect
- The written report; Who made the identification and when
- Review
- Check that the team has seen the report and discussed its recommendations.
- Sources
- S25 (p. 42 (printed page footer; equals PDF page index), 'Outside Clinical Diagnosis of Dyslexia'); S06 (Chapter 4, "Qualifying for Special Education and Related Services", p.55); S28 (Section 226.125(c)); S32 (Page 1, sentence beginning 'As we explained in our October 23, 2015 letter, while IDEA does not prohibit…')
- Rules
- DX01 v1, DX03 v1
7. Build on strengths and interests
Also discuss · Builds on strengths · General · Based on reported observations
Share the strengths and interests you described. Ask how they could support engagement and an achievable goal the student chooses. Interests can make work more engaging; they do not prescribe a learning style.
Why: Every plan builds on the student's strengths and interests. They can support engagement and a student-chosen goal; they do not prescribe a learning style.
Based on:
- I01 Reading impact: A lot (Reported by adult)
- I02 Math impact: A little (Reported by adult)
- I03 Writing impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- I04 Spoken language impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- S01 Strengths: He explains science ideas really well and loves talking about space and how machines work. (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Whole team, with the student
- Evidence to collect
- Examples of the student's strengths
- Review
- Check that the plan names at least one strength and one student-chosen goal.
- Sources
- None yet: product design choice, pending specialist review.
- Rules
- STR01 v1
8. Discuss purposeful fluency practice
Also discuss · Develops a skill · Reading · Based on reported observations
Ask whether the plan includes purposeful fluency-building activities that help the student read with less effort, and how the practice text is matched to the student's current skills.
Why: You reported slow or effortful reading. Fluency, meaning accurate reading at a comfortable speed, is worth examining together with word reading.
Based on:
- R03 Which reading tasks: Reading words accurately; Reading speed (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Reading specialist or interventionist
- Evidence to collect
- Current fluency measures and the conditions they were taken under; The texts used for practice
- Review
- Compare fluency on the same kind of measure, under the same conditions, at a review date the team sets.
- Sources
- S09 (Recommendations tab, rec 2; level = evidence icon alt text 'Strong Evidence' (matches Summary PDF p.1))
- Rules
- READ04 v1
9. Try accessible text or oral access for content tasks
Also discuss · Improves access to content · Reading · Based on reported observations
For science, social studies, and other content tasks, ask for a trial of accessible text (for example, text-to-speech or audiobooks) and note whether participation improves. Keep a separate check of reading skill whenever reading itself is what is being taught or measured.
Why: Understanding appears stronger when material is read aloud. A trial of accessible text can show whether participation in content tasks improves; reading skill still needs its own assessment and instruction.
Based on:
- R02 Understanding when read aloud: Yes (Reported by adult)
From the description (confirmed by the adult):
- “He knows the answer when someone reads it” — Understands better when material is read aloud (AI interpretation, confirmed by adult)
- Suggested role
- Classroom teachers with the case manager or reading specialist
- Evidence to collect
- Which tasks the trial covers; Notes on participation and understanding with and without the support
- Review
- After the trial period the team sets, compare participation with and without accessible text.
- Limits
- Accessible text improves access; it is not reading instruction.
- Sources
- None yet: product design choice, pending specialist review.
- Rules
- READ05 v1
10. Compare math with and without the reading load
Also discuss · Gathers evidence · Mathematics · Needs clarification
Ask the teacher to try some word problems read aloud with the language explained, and record which barrier changes. If difficulty remains once reading and language demands are reduced, ask for a math-specific assessment question too. Reading and math needs can exist together.
Why: Difficulty with word problems can come from reading and language demands, from math reasoning, or from both. Comparing performance with the language load reduced shows which barrier changes. Mixed needs are possible.
Based on:
- M01 Which math tasks: Word problems (Reported by adult)
From the description (confirmed by the adult):
- “Dense math word problems are the hardest part of math homework” — Difficulty with math word problems (AI interpretation, confirmed by adult)
- Suggested role
- Math teacher
- Evidence to collect
- A few word problems done with the language clarified; The same math in fewer words
- Review
- Review the comparison at the next meeting.
- Sources
- S10 (Recommendations tab, rec 5; level = evidence icon alt text 'Strong Evidence' (matches Full Guide Table 1, p.3))
- Rules
- MATH02 v1
11. Ask for recent hearing and vision results
Gather information · Gathers evidence · General · Needs clarification
Ask whether recent hearing and vision screening results are available, or how to get them. Results help interpret other information; they do not replace a discussion of the learning concern.
Why: Recent hearing and vision results are not available, or a concern was noted. Results help interpret other information; they do not replace a discussion of the learning concern.
Based on:
- I01 Reading impact: A lot (Reported by adult)
- I02 Math impact: A little (Reported by adult)
- I03 Writing impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- I04 Spoken language impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- AX02 Hearing check: Not sure (Needs clarification)
- Suggested role
- School nurse
- Evidence to collect
- Dates and results of recent hearing and vision checks
- Review
- Check that results are on file before decisions are made.
- Sources
- S19 (§ 300.8(c)(10)(ii) Disorders not included)
- Rules
- HV01 v1
12. Ask for details of current and past support
Gather information · Gathers evidence · General · Needs clarification
Ask the school for the name of each intervention, its schedule, the skill it targets, how many sessions were actually delivered, and the progress data collected.
Why: Reading is an area of concern, but the instruction and intervention tried so far are not known. This is a data request, not a conclusion. Math is an area of concern, but the supports tried so far and their results are not known. This is a data request, not a conclusion. An intervention was provided, but its name is not known. Asking the school for the details is a data request, not a conclusion. An intervention was provided, but progress data have not been shared or are not known. Asking for them is a data request.
Based on:
- I01 Reading impact: A lot (Reported by adult)
- I02 Math impact: A little (Reported by adult)
- SUP01 Intervention received: Yes (Reported by adult)
- R05 Reading support tried: Not answered (Needs clarification)
- M05 Math support tried: Not answered (Needs clarification)
- SUP02 Intervention name: Not answered (Needs clarification)
- SUP07 Progress data shared: Not sure (Needs clarification)
- Suggested role
- Interventionist or case manager
- Evidence to collect
- Program name; Schedule; Target skill; Delivery records; Progress data
- Review
- Check that you have these details before the team judges whether support is working.
- Sources
- S22 (Subsection (4)(c), items 2-3); S34 (§ 300.309(b) (lead-in; (b)(1)-(2) follow))
- Rules
- READ06 v1, MATH05 v1, SUPPORT03 v1, SUPPORT04 v1
13. Ask what screening and progress data exist
Gather information · Gathers evidence · General · Needs clarification
Ask the school what reading, math, or writing screening and progress-monitoring results it has for the student, and ask for copies.
Why: No screening or test results are on hand. The plan still works without scores; asking what data the school has is a data request.
Based on:
- I01 Reading impact: A lot (Reported by adult)
- I02 Math impact: A little (Reported by adult)
- I03 Writing impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- I04 Spoken language impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- SUP08 Written results: No (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Classroom teacher or case manager
- Evidence to collect
- Copies of screening and progress-monitoring results
- Review
- Check that you have the results before the next meeting.
- Sources
- S01 ('Communication with Families', third bullet); S21 (Chapter 2, Part C, "Screening Data Gathering", p.19); S06 (Chapter 4, "Screening, Assessment, and Evaluation", p.53); S31 (Section after the "Screening Measures by Grade Level" chart, p.2)
- Rules
- SCORES02 v1
14. Ask how many sessions actually happened
Gather information · Gathers evidence · General · Needs clarification
Ask for the planned schedule and a record of the sessions actually delivered. Missing delivery information is a gap to fill, not evidence that the intervention failed.
Why: It is not known whether intervention sessions happened as planned. Missing delivery information produces a data request, not a claim that the intervention failed.
Based on:
- SUP01 Intervention received: Yes (Reported by adult)
- SUP04 Sessions delivered: Not sure (Needs clarification)
- Suggested role
- Interventionist
- Evidence to collect
- Planned schedule; Record of delivered sessions
- Review
- Compare planned and delivered sessions before judging progress.
- Sources
- S34 (§ 300.309(b) (lead-in; (b)(1)-(2) follow))
- Rules
- SUPPORT02 v1
15. Bring recent work samples
Gather information · Gathers evidence · General · Needs clarification
Collect two or three recent examples that show the difficulty and one that shows a strength. Note the date, the task, and how much help was given.
Why: No recent work samples are on hand. Two or three dated examples make the concern concrete.
Based on:
- I01 Reading impact: A lot (Reported by adult)
- I02 Math impact: A little (Reported by adult)
- I03 Writing impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- I04 Spoken language impact: Not at all (Reported by adult)
- I09 Work samples: No (Reported by adult)
- Suggested role
- Parent and teachers
- Evidence to collect
- Recent work samples with dates and notes on help given
- Review
- Bring the samples to the meeting.
- Sources
- S06 (Chapter 4, Table 6: Special Education Meeting Types (Domain Meeting row), p.56); S18 (PDF (linked from https://sites.ed.gov/idea/idea-files/osep-dear-colleague-letter-on-ideaiep-terms/): Page 2, second paragraph (begins 'In determining whether a child has a disability…'))
- Rules
- WORK01 v1
6. Answer appendix
Key: "Reported by adult" = answers the adult gave; "Student's own words" = recorded student responses; "AI interpretation confirmed by adult" = an AI suggestion the adult checked; "Changed by adult" = a suggestion the adult corrected; "Assessment result entered by adult" = results kept as entered and not interpreted. "Not sure" and "Prefer not to answer" are not "No".
Privacy and context
- C01 What is your role in the student's life?
-
Parent or guardian
- C02 In which state does the student go to school?
-
Illinois
- C03 What kind of school does the student attend?
-
Public school
- C04 Should AI help interpret the descriptions you write?
-
Yes, use AI to suggest observations from what I write
- C05 Will the student contribute to this plan?
-
Yes, I will ask the student later
Student snapshot
- P01 A nickname or label for this case
-
Student A — fictional example
- P02 What grade is the student in now?
-
Grade 8
- P03 Which age range fits the student?
-
11 to 13
- P04 Which languages does the student use for learning?
-
English only
Identification history
- H01 Has a school team or a clinician ever identified or diagnosed a learning difference or disability?
-
Yes
- H02 Which label or labels were given?
-
Dyslexia
- H03 Who made the identification or diagnosis?
-
Not sure
- H04 In what grade did the first identification or diagnosis happen?
-
Grade 7
- H05 What was evaluated, and what did the report recommend?
-
Not answered
- H06 Do you have a written copy of the evaluation report?
-
No
- H07 Which plans or supports are in place now?
-
A school intervention plan, such as MTSS or RtI
- H08 In what grade were concerns first noticed?
-
Not sure
- H09 Has the student ever had a school reading screening?
-
Not sure
- H11 Should the plan include questions for students whose needs were recognized later (grade 7 or after)?
-
Not answered
Concerns and strengths
- I01 Right now, how much do reading difficulties get in the way of schoolwork?
-
A lot
- I02 Right now, how much do math difficulties get in the way of schoolwork?
-
A little
- I03 Right now, how much do writing difficulties (handwriting, spelling, or putting ideas on paper) get in the way of schoolwork?
-
Not at all
- I04 Right now, how much do difficulties understanding or using spoken language (for example, following spoken directions or finding words) get in the way of schoolwork?
-
Not at all
- I05 Right now, how much do difficulties organizing, starting, or finishing tasks get in the way of schoolwork?
-
Not sure
- I06 In your own words, describe what you see. What is hard, when, and in which subjects?
-
He reads unfamiliar words slowly and often needs help sounding them out. Dense math word problems are the hardest part of math homework. He knows the answer when someone reads it. He needs a lot of help from us to finish homework most nights. His reading teacher works with him in a small group, but I don't know the name of the program.
- I07 How long have these difficulties been noticeable?
-
Not sure
- I08 Where do the difficulties show up?
-
Homework; Classwork
- I09 Do you have recent work samples that show the difficulty, such as a writing assignment or a math test?
-
No
- S01 What does the student enjoy or do well, and what evidence illustrates it? How could that strength help participation in the next learning goal?
-
He explains science ideas really well and loves talking about space and how machines work.
- I10 What interests or activities does the student care about?
-
Science, space, and building things
- I11 What is the most important goal for this school year, from your point of view?
-
Not answered
Later identification
- L01 Looking back, were there signs of these difficulties in earlier grades?
-
Not answered
- L03 What may have helped hide the difficulties earlier?
-
Not answered
- L04 Were grades kept up through unusually high effort or a lot of adult help?
-
Not answered
- L05 What changed as texts or workloads got harder?
-
Not answered
- L06 Which supports work right now, and how do you know?
-
Not answered
- L07 During earlier testing, did the student use accommodations such as extra time or read-aloud?
-
Not answered
Reading
- R01 When reading unfamiliar words, how often does the student guess, skip, or need help?
-
Often
- R02 Is understanding stronger when someone reads the same material aloud?
-
Yes
- R08 Please give a recent example.
-
He knows the answer when someone reads it.
- R03 Which reading tasks are difficult?
-
Reading words accurately; Reading speed
- R04 How do vocabulary, background knowledge, and understanding spoken instructions compare with independent reading?
-
They are stronger than independent reading
- R05 What reading instruction or intervention has been tried, for how long, how often, and with what observed change?
-
Not answered
- R06 What reading-related strengths do you see?
-
Strong vocabulary when talking about science.
Mathematics
- M01 Which math tasks cause difficulty?
-
Word problems
- M02 Does difficulty remain when word problems are read aloud and their language is clarified?
-
This has not been tried
- M03 Can the student explain a concept with objects or a drawing but struggle to record or calculate it?
-
Not sure
- M04 Does a calculator improve access to the lesson?
-
Not answered
- M05 Which previous math supports helped, and what measures show the response?
-
Not answered
- M06 What math-related strengths do you see?
-
Not answered
Organization and task completion
- E01 Where do tasks break down?
-
Not answered
- E02 Is this similar across subjects and settings?
-
Not answered
- E04 What helps the student start and finish tasks?
-
Not answered
- E05 What strengths do you see in how the student works?
-
Not answered
School access and health checks
- AX01 Has the student missed long stretches of school or changed schools often?
-
No
- AX02 When was hearing last checked?
-
Not sure
- AX03 When was vision last checked?
-
Within the last year
- AX04 Did those checks note any concerns?
-
No concerns noted
- AX05 Have school demands changed recently?
-
Not answered
- AX06 Has the student had steady instruction in the skills of concern (for example, teaching of reading or math basics)?
-
Not sure
Support so far
- SUP01 Has the student received a school intervention (extra, targeted teaching) for any of these concerns?
-
Yes
- SUP02 What is the intervention or program called?
-
Not answered
- SUP03 Which skills did it target?
-
Not sure
- SUP05 How long and how often was it planned (for example, 30 minutes, three times a week, since January)?
-
Not answered
- SUP04 Did sessions actually happen as planned?
-
Not sure
- SUP06 What change have you seen?
-
Not sure
- SUP07 Has the school shared progress data, such as graphs or scores from regular checks?
-
Not sure
- ACC01 Which accommodations does the student use now?
-
Not sure
- SUP08 Do you have written results from any screenings or tests, from school or outside?
-
No
Student voice
- VR01 Who is recording the student's answers?
-
The student is not taking part right now
- V01 What feels hardest at school? (Student's own words)
-
Not answered
- V02 What helps you most? (Student's own words)
-
Not answered
- V03 What would you like teachers to understand about you? (Student's own words)
-
Not answered
- V04 What goal matters to you this year? (Student's own words)
-
Not answered
Results entered by the adult
No results entered.
AI interpretation
AI read the written description and proposed 6 observations; the adult confirmed 6 and rejected 0. Model: fictional example. AI proposed observations from the adult's written description. Only the ones the adult confirmed were used.